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During evaporation, liquids absorb heat from their surroundings, and as a result of these evaporating liquids absorbing heat from the environment, the temperature of the environment from which the heat is drawn decreases. The decrease in temperature as a result of these processes is called cooling. Previously, ammonia and carbon dioxide were used in cooling systems. Nowadays, the refrigerant is generally used Freon in cooling systems.
Must be able to operate with low power
Compressors using refrigerants do not always operate at high power values.
Costs must be low
It is advantageous to have a low budget, as it is the substance that is constantly used in cooling systems
It should be readily available
Easy accessibility in case of sudden failures will provide positive results for problem solving.
It should not corrode the pipe or system it passes through
Such a cause leads to disruption of the functioning of the cooling system
Evaporation temperature should be low
Refrigerants with a low evaporation temperature provide the best efficiency in cooling
Must be able to evaporate and liquefy at applicable pressures
It is important in terms of ensuring the permanence of the system
Should not react on contact with metal surfaces
It is undesirable because it will cause corrosion on the surfaces if it reacts.
| NAMES | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| R401A | R22 is a zeotropic mixture of R124 and R152a (52 / 33 / 15% by weight, respectively) and considered an alternative to R12. Since it contains HCFC, it is not a final alternative and can be used until 2030. Its use has been completely banned since 2030. |
| R402A | R22 is a zeotropic blend of R125 and R290 (38 / 60 / 2 wt%, respectively) and considered an alternative to R502. Since it contains HCFC, it is not a final alternative and can be used until 2030. Its use has been completely banned since 2030. |
| R404A | R125 is a zeotropic mixture of R134a and R143a (44 / 4 / 52% by weight, respectively) and considered an alternative to R502. Since it contains HCFC, it is not a final alternative and can be used until 2030. |
| R410A | It is a near azeotropic mixture of R32 and R125 (50/50% by weight) which is considered an alternative to R22. Its theoretical thermodynamic properties are not as good as R22. However, its heat transfer property is quite good. In R22 – R410A conversion, the system needs to be redesigned. |
| R500 | R500 is an azeotropic mixture of R12 and R152a. The mixing ratio is 73.9% R12, 26.2% R152a by weight. It is used as an alternative to R12 at a low rate. It has better COP value and 10-15% higher volumetric cooling capacity than R12. |
| R502 | R502 is an azeotropic mixture of R22 and R115. The mixing ratio is 48.8% R22, 51.2% R115 by weight. It is mostly used in cold transportation and commercial refrigerators. It has been discontinued because it contains CFCs. It has high volumetric cooling capacity at low temperatures. |
| R507 | R507 is an accepted alternative to R502, consisting of R125 and R134a (50% / 50% by weight). |
